A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching Programme on Awareness and Attitude regarding Early Identification   and Management of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome among Adolescent Girls in selected Colleges, Bangalore

 

Poornima Mallipeddi, Laishram Dabashini Devi, Aleenapauy

Global College of Nursing, Bangalore.

*Corresponding Author Email: roshini999.bk@gmail.com

 

ABSTRACT:

Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. The disease affecting as many as 7 to 10 out of 100 women of child bearing age (15-45 years).To assess the level of awareness regarding early identification and management of polycystic ovarian syndrome in experimental and control group.To evaluate the effectiveness of the video assisted teaching programme on awareness and attitude regarding early identification and management of polycystic ovarian syndrome in experimental group.To find out the association between the pretest level of awareness and attitude regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome with their selected demographic variable in experimental and control group.Quasi- experimental pretest-posttest control group design was used to collect the data. A total of 60 students in were selected as control group (n=30) and experimental group (n=30) through non-probability convenience sampling technique. Structured questionnaire and modified attitude scale regarding early identification and management of PCOS were used as the tool. Video teaching was telecasted to the experimental group. After seven days, posttest was done by using structured questionnaire and modified attitude scale. The obtained data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. In control group, pretest mean score of awareness was 11.43±3.07 the posttest mean score was 12.27±SD 2.65, the mean difference was 0.84. The obtained “t” value was 1.85, which was not statistically significant. In experimental group, pretest mean score of awareness was 11.70±2.48 the posttest mean score was 21.03±SD 1.42, the mean difference was 9.33. The obtained “t” value was 29.90, which was statistically highly significant at p<0.001***level. In control group posttest mean score of awareness was 12.26±2.65. In experimental group posttest mean score was 21.03±1.42, the mean difference was8.77. The obtained “t” value was 15.95, which was statistically highly significant at p<0.001***level. In control group, pretest mean score of attitudes was 52.00±5.87 the posttest mean score was 53.27±SD 5.48, the mean difference was 1.26. The obtained “t” value was 1.92, which was not statistically significant. In experimental group, pretest mean score of attitude was 52.83±6.93 the posttest mean score was 73.77±SD 4.94, the mean difference was 20.93. The obtained “t” value was 15.35 which was statistically highly significant at p<0.001***level. In control group posttest mean score of attitude was 53.27±5.48. In experimental group posttest mean score was 73.77±4.94, the mean difference was 20.50. The obtained “t” value was 15.20, which was statistically highly significant at p<0.001***level. The present study findings concluded that, video teaching is effective by improving the awareness and attitude among adolescent girls.

 

KEYWORDS: Pcod, Awareness, Adolescent.

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

Life shrinks or expands in proportion to one’s courage. The best protection of any women can have is courage, because she has the power to create, and manifest the glory of God, though she posses within herself, which is expressed through when she becomes a mother. Becoming a mother is a natural phenomenon for the woman, sometimes it is blocked by physical and psychological problem.1 Naturally each female child is born with the capability of giving birth and she is physically prepared at puberty. Normally she attains puberty during her adolescence.Adolescence is a period of transition from childhood to adulthood, a time of physiological, psychological, social and emotional adaptation.2 Adolescence is one of the most fascinating and complex transition in the life span: a time of accelerated growth and change. A time of expanding horizons, self-discovery, emerging independence and a time of metamorphosis from child to adulthood.3

 
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

A study to assess the effectiveness of video assisted teaching programme on awareness and attitude regarding early identification and management of polycystic ovarian syndrome among adolescent girls in selected colleges, Bangalore.

 

OBJECTIVES:

1.       To assess the level of awareness regarding early identification and management of polycystic ovarian syndrome in experimental and control group.

2.       To evaluate the effectiveness of the video assisted teaching programme on awareness and attitude regarding early identification and management of polycystic ovarian syndrome in experimental group.

3.       To find out the association between the pretest level of awareness and attitude regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome with their selected demographic variables among adolescent girls in experimental and control group.

 

METHODOLOGY:

Quantitative approach was used for this study.The research design selected for the present study is quasi experimental one group pretest and posttest with control group design.Present study was conducted in RNS PU College, Bangalore. 60 students has participated in the study, (n=30) for control group and (n=30) for experimental group. Their curriculum does not deal with any obstetrics and gynecological problems of women. The target population of this study is the adolescent girls between the age group of 18-20 years. Accessible populations for this study is the adolescent girls between 18-20 years of age who are studying I PUC in RNS PUC College, Bangalore  Samples who fulfill the inclusion and exclusion criteria from selected college at Bangalore as the study sample. In this study the sample size was arbitrary decided to be 60 students in which 30 in experimental group and 30 in control group.In the study the investigator selected the sample by Non probability convenience sampling techniques, assigned equally in control and experimental group.

 

 

Table-1: Frequency and percentage wise distribution of samples based on the demographic variables in control and experimental group

Demographic variables

Control
Experimental

Age

f

%

f

%

18 years

14

46.67%

16

19 years

16

53.33%

14

20 years

0

0.00%

0

Monthly income of family

Below Rs.15000

Rs.15001 to 25000

Rs.25001 to 50000

Above Rs. 50000

 

 

 

 

13

43.33%

14

46.67%

15

50.00%

13

43.33%

2

6.67%

3

10.00%

0

0.00%

0

0.00%

Religion

Hindu

Muslim

Christian

Others

 

 

 

 

25

83.33%

28

93.33%

5

16.67%

2

6.67%

0

0.00%

0

0.00%

0

0.00%

0

0.00%
Education of Parents

Educated

Uneducated

 

 

 

 

20

66.67%

23

76.67%

10

33.33%

7

23.33%

Any family history of PCOs

Yes

No

 

 

 

 

11

36.67%

7

23.33%

19

63.33%

23

76.67%

Habitant

Rural

Urban

Semi urban

19

63.33%

20

66.67%

8

26.67%

7

23.33%

3

10.00%

3

10.00%

19

63.33%

20

66.67%

Information regarding pcos

Yes

No

 

 

 

 

5

16.67%

6

20.00%

25

83.33%

24

80.00%

Dietary pattern

 

 

 

 

Veg

7

23.33%

6

20.00%

Non-Veg

23

76.67%

24

80.00%

 

Table-1 describes the frequency and percentage wise distribution of samples based on the demographic variables of samples with respect to age, monthly income of family, religion, education of parents, any family history of PCOS, habitant, previous source of information regarding PCOS, dietary pattern in experimental and control group.With regard to age, in experimental group, 16(53.33%) samples belong to the age group of 18 years and 14(46.67%) samples belong to the age group of 19 years. In control group 16(53.33%) samples belong to the age group of 19 years, 14(46.67%) samples belong to the age group of 18 years. More or less similar samples were distributed belong to the age group of 18 and 19 years With respect to monthly income of family, In experimental group, 14(46.67%) samples are earning below Rs.15000, 13(43.33%) samples are earning between Rs 15001 to 25000, 3(10.00%) samples are earning between Rs 25001 to 50000. Whereas in control group, 15(50.00%) samples were earning between Rs 15001 to 25000, 13(43.33%) samples are earning below Rs 15000, 2(6.67%) samples areearning between Rs 25001 to 50000.With respect to religion, in experimental group, 28(93.33%) samples are Hindu, 2(6.67%) samples are Christian. Whereas in control group, 25(83.33%) samples are Hindu, 5(16.67%) samples are Christian. Majority of the samples 25(83.33%) and 28(93.33%) were Hindu religion in control and experimental group respectively. With respect to education of parents, in experimental group, 23(76.67%) samples were educated, only 7(23.33%) samples were uneducated. Whereas in control group, 20(66.67%) samples were educated, only 10(33.33%) samples were uneducated.With respect to any family history of PCOS, in experimental group, 23(76.67%) samples had no family history of PCOS, 7(23.33%) samples had family history of PCOS. Whereas in control group, 19(63.33%) samples had no family history of PCOS, 11(36.67%) samples had family history of PCOS. Majority of the samples were no family history.With respect to habitant, in experimental group, 20(66.67%) samples were from rural area, 7(23.33%) samples were from urban area, 3(10%) samples were from semi urban area. Whereas in control group, 19(63.33%) samples were from rural area, 8(26.67%) samples were from urban area, 3(10%) samples were from semi urban area. Most of the samples came from rural area in the study. With respect to previous source of information regarding PCOS, in the experimental group, 6(20.00%) samples had source of information, 24(80%) samples had no source of information. Whereas in control group, 5(16.67%) samples had source of information, 25(83.33%) samples had no source of information. Most of the samples had no source of information.

 

With respect to the dietary pattern, in the experimental group, 24(80%) samples were non vegetarian, 5(20%) samples were vegetarian. Whereas in control group, 23(76.67%) samples were non vegetarian, 7(23.33%) samples were vegetarian.

 

Table 2: Distribution of samples based on level of awareness in control and Experimental group.

Level
of awareness

Control

Experimental

Pre test

 

Post test

Pre test

f

%

f

%

f

%

Inadequate

22

73.33%

17

56.67%

20

66.67%

Moderate

8

26.67%

13

43.33%

10

33.33%

Adequate

0

0.00%

0

0.00%

0

0.00%

 

 

Above table is the distribution of samples based on level of awareness in experimental and control group. In experimental group during pretest, 20(66.67%) subjects have inadequate level of awareness, 10(33.33%) subjects have moderate level of awareness and none of the subject has adequate level of awareness. In post test 9(30%) subjects have moderate level of awareness, 21(70%) subjects have adequate level of awareness and none of the subject has inadequate level of awareness. It might be due to intervention.In control group during pre test, 22(73.33%) subjects have inadequate level of awareness, 8(26.67%) subjects have moderate level of awareness and none of the subject has adequate level of awareness. But in post test 17(56.67%) subjects have inadequate level of awareness, 13(43.33%) subjects have moderate level of awareness and none of the subject has adequate level of awareness. It is interpreted that since the control group didn’t receive any intervention.Hence, in experimental group, all samples were belong to the categories of inadequate and moderate level of awareness in pretest. After intervention those samples have moderate and adequate level of awareness whereas none of them had adequate level of awareness in control group.

 

Table-3: Distribution of samples based on level of attitude in control and experimental group.

Level of awareness

Control

Experimental

Pre test

Post test

f

%

f

%

Negative

18

60.00%

14

46.67%

Neutral

12

40.00%

16

53.33%

Positive

0

0.00%

0

0.00%

 

 

Table-2 reveals the distribution of pre test and post test level of attitude in experimental and control group experimental group during pretest, 17(56.67%) subjects have negative attitude, 13(43.33%) subjects have neutral attitude and none of the subject has positive attitude and in post test, 8(26.67%) subjects have neutral attitude, 22(74.33%) subjects have positive attitude and none of the subject has negative attitude.In control group during pre test, 18(60.00%) subjects have negative attitude, 12(40.00%) subjects have neutral attitude and none of the subject has positive attitude. But in post test, 14(46.67%) subjects have negative attitude, 16(53.33%) subjects have neutral attitude and none of the subject has positive attitude. It is interpreted that since the control group didn’t receive any intervention. There is only slight difference between pretest and posttest scores.
 
Table 4: Comparison of post test mean score of awareness between the control and experimental group (n=30)

Group

Pre test

 

Post test

 

Mean

Paired

P value

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

difference

“t” value

 

Control group

52.00

5.87

53.27

5.48

1.26

1.92

0.06(NS)

 

Table 5: Comparison of pre and post test mean scores of attitude in control (n=30)

Group

Pre test

 

Post test

 

Mean

Paired

P value

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

difference

“t” value

 

Control

52.00

5.87

53.27

5.48

1.26

1.92

0.06(NS)

Exp.

52.83

6.93

73.77

4.94

20.93

15.35

0.001***

 

Table 6: Association between pretest level of awareness in experimental group with their selected demographic variables.

Demographic variables

Moderate

Adequate

df

P value

Age

n

%

n

%

 

6.69

(df=1)

 

 

0.01**

(S)

18 years

14

87.50%

2

12.50%

19 years

6

42.85%

8

57.15%

20 years

0

0.00%

0

0.00%

Monthly income

 

 

 

 

 

 

Below Rs.15000

8

57.14%

6

42.86%

2.11

(df=2)

0.34

(NS)

Rs.15001 to 25000

9

69.23%

4

30.77%

Rs.25001 to 50000

3

100.00%

0

0.00%

Above Rs. 50000

0

0.00%

0

0.00%

Religion

 

 

 

 

 

 

Hindu

19

67.86%

9

32.14%

0.26

0.61

Christian

1

50.00%

1

50.00%

 

 

Muslim

0

0.00%

0

0.00%

 

 

Others

0

0.00%

0

0.00%

 

 

Education of Parents

 

 

 

 

 

 

Educated

14

60.87%

9

39.13%

1.49

0.21

Uneducated

6

85.71%

1

14.29%

(df=1)

(NS)

Any history of PCOS

 

 

 

 

 

 

Yes

2

28.57%

5

71.43%

5.96

0.02*

No

18

78.26%

5

28.57%

 

 

Habitant

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rural

17

85.00%

3

15.00%

9.09

0.01**

Urban

2

28.57%

5

71.43%

 

 

Semi urban

1

33.33%

2

66.67%

 

 

Previous source regarding PCOS

 

 

 

 

 

 

Yes

5

83.33%

1

16.67%

0.93

0.33

No

15

62.50%

9

37.50%

 

 

Dietary Pattern

 

 

 

 

 

 

Vegetarian

3

50.00%

3

50.00%

0.95

0.32

Non-Vegetarian

17

70.83%

7

29.17%

 

 

 

Table-5 reveals the comparison of pretest- posttest mean scores of attitude  in experimental group.The above table shows that, in experimental group, pretest mean score was 52.83±6.93 and after the intervention the posttest mean score was 73.77±SD 4.94, the mean difference was 20.93. The obtained “t” value was 15.35 and which was statistically highly significant at p<0.001*** level The findings reveal that, there is a significant difference between the pretest and posttest mean scores of attitude in experimental group. Hence the researcher accepts the research hypothesis (H1)

Above table-6 conveys the association between the pretest level of awareness in experimental group with their selected demographic variables.The above findings concludes that there is an association between pretest level of awareness in experimental group with their selected demographic variables such as age (χ2=6.69, p=0.01**), family history of PCOS (χ2 =5.96, p=0.02*), habitant (χ2=9.09, p=0.01**). Hence the researcher accepts the research hypothesis (H3)

 

CONCLUSION:

Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a condition in which the woman has a imbalance of female sex hormones. It may lead to changes in the menstrual cycle, cyst in the ovary, failure to conceive and other health problems. The preventive measures like awareness will help the adolescent girls, to improve their knowledge. In the present study, majority of the adolescent girls had inadequate awareness and negative attitude regarding PCOS in pre test. After the video teaching program, the level of awareness and attitude has increased significantly in experimental group. The findings indicate that, video teaching program is an effective intervention in improving the level of awareness and attitude regarding PCOS. Video teaching program is found to be affordable, comfortable and effective. After the completion of the study, subjects in the control group were taught regarding early identification and management of PCOS.

 

REFERENCES:

1.      Abrahams P.H, (2013), “Colour Atlas of Human Anatomy”, 5 th edition, Mosby publication Toronto, Pp: 266-267.

2.      Annamma Jacob, (2012), “A Comprehensive Text Book of Midwifery”, 2nd Edition, Jaypee Publications, New Delhi, Pp:610-611.

3.      Anne Waugh, Allision grant, (2007), “Ross and Wilson anatomy and physiology in health and illness”, 10th Edition, Churchill Living Stone Publication, Pp: 442_448.

 

 

 

Received on 22.05.2024           Modified on 10.07.2024

Accepted on 12.08.2024        ©A&V Publications All right reserved

Asian J. Nursing Education and Research. 2024;14(3):178-182.

DOI: 10.52711/2349-2996.2024.00035